魚菜食農在中園~我們學校的魚菜系統設置經驗
　

中園國小梁哲霖、吳志儐
　

食農教育是近幾年很夯的議題，每個學校都各有做法也都各有亮點，我們曾經存有夢想，但不敢有太多奢望，直到那天……很意外的，學校申請的魚菜共生計畫竟然公布通過了，我們也開始一腳踏入食農的世界。
    這原本是一個假設性的問題，如果你有一套魚菜系統，你希望怎麼應用它？但自從我們通過計畫獲得系統設置補助開始，這個問題變成是一個真實的問題，我們開始思考很多事情，要設置在哪、要怎麼搭配教學、要具備什麼樣的功能、要怎麼布置等，突然浮現好多問題。
    我們參考了一些學校的作法，但發現那些都不符合我們的情況，因為每個學校都有每個學校的環境因素與條件，是無法完全複製的。
    於是，我們從最基本的問題開始，要設置在哪個位置，我們在校園內尋覓了幾個點，角落的菜園、連接走廊、閒置的露台，經過數次的討論，考量空間大小、設施維護、觀察與實施便利性、校園行走動線，我們最後決定設置在閒置的露台。

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以下是我們在校園內設置魚菜共生系統時的思維考量：

考量因素	思考方向
空間	腹地是否足以容納一個班級的學生進入
維護	完全開放性的空間會有維護上的困難
地點	是否位於容易觀察的地點
實施	空間的安全性、資源(水電)取得是否方便
功能	是否能兼具更多功能

    因為閒置的露台腹地夠大，足以容納2個班級的學生進入、半開放性的空間平時有圍牆隔絕(須由老師帶領才能進入)，具備有安全性、這個位置是容易觀察的(可以從圍牆外或樓上看見種植情況，且位於來往的走廊邊)。
關於資源的取得，當我們選定好地點後，水電是緊接著出現的一個難題。
    當我們選擇以閒置的露台來做為魚菜共生系統的設置位置時，我們發現這個地方沒有水也沒有電。其實只要請水電師傅幫我們引流自來水、牽引電線就解決了，但是，我們卻有了另外的發想，我們希望能夠讓這套系統更環保，於是想到地下閥基層裡有好幾噸的可用雨水(我們原本已經設置了閥基層雨水回收系統)，又想到魚菜共生系統的馬達如果一直運轉很浪費電，如果能應用太陽能供電，這樣這個系統應該會很環保，既節水又節電，而且利用回收雨水來運作系統，也能解決自來水中含氯的問題。
然而，花了一筆錢來連接水路後，只能讓魚菜共生系統使用，實在有點可惜，而偌大的露台只放一套魚菜共生系統也顯得有點冷清，我們希望在花費同樣的金錢下，這套水路可以發揮更大的功能，這也是前面提到的「兼具更多功能」的想法。
    在經過多次的討論後，大家又想出了另外一個新點子，我們想要將魚菜共生系統結合花園的概念，變成魚菜花園，這樣的想法讓我們重新檢視了地點，規劃設計了一個空間，並加上手動控制的灑水系統，打造一個有魚菜共生系統的空中花園。
    這個發想獲得了大部分參與夥伴們的贊同，於是就付諸行動，我們找來水電師傅從最接近的地方(一樓)接水管到三樓的露台，原本大家還擔心這樣接水壓可能不足，還得另外裝加壓馬達，但是經過測試後，發現水壓沒有什麼問題，於是便開始了硬體的設置工作。

    接著我們搬來空花盆、廢棄的軟墊在空間裡鋪設，這是一個巨大的工程，幸好老師和同學們都很有興趣，經過幾次的搬運、鋪設，我們的魚菜共生系統空中花園有了初步的樣子。

    鋪上廢棄的軟墊後，我們忽然發現這樣一來還同時具備了屋頂隔熱的功能，這是意外的收穫。
    接著里長提供了一些花苗和泥土，我們另外也買了一些花和培養土，在一個周三的下午，校長帶領著一群同仁將花種進了盆栽裡，這個空中花園越來越美麗了。

一直沒有解決的電力問題，在幾經研究考量之後，我們決定從學校的能源教室裡，搬運一套簡易的太陽能電力銀行系統(利用太陽能提供蓄電池蓄電，再由蓄電池提供電力。)來提供給魚菜系統的抽水馬達使用。
    於是，我們就請了專門的廠商幫我們做系統移轉，並且改良成和市電並聯的方式，這樣蓄電池能夠持續保持在可供電的狀態，另外，廠商還幫我們安裝了一個太陽能發電顯示器，可以即時觀察太陽能板的發電情形。

我們的魚菜共生系統空中花園到此算是大致完工了，從系統施工開始，到電力設施完成，歷時約三個月，這中間經過多次的討論、凝聚了一次次的共識，然而正當我們小小滿足之餘，我們又產生了另一個問題，就是這個地方應該要怎麼稱呼？
中園菜園、魚菜園區、有魚菜園、有魚農園、魚菜花園、樂於園區、魚菜中園……，各式各樣的名稱持續的拋出，每個人都各有想法，又經過了幾日激盪，最後，我們總算取得了共識，這裡以後就叫做：「魚樂農園」。
    我們設計了一張圖，以大圖輸出在帆布上，然後釘上圍牆，再加上兩旁的魚菜系統說明，這個魚樂農園顯得有更有「型」了。

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仿效空間改造的橋段，我們概略結算一下，學校閒置露台的空間改造費用：

魚菜系統建置	約100,000
引流雨水回收管線及建置灑水器	約8,000
額外購買魚苗	約3,000
地墊、空花盆	0
額外花苗與培養土	約5,000
太陽能電力系統移轉	約10,000
帆布輸出	約2,000
合計	約128,000

不知道這樣的花費是否划算？至少我們用了我們自己覺得最節省的方式，活用了一個閒置的空間，建置了一個環保、實用的魚菜系統花園，當然這只是個開始，後續的利用才是重點，中園的食農教育才剛開始要生根發芽。

其實在陸續建置的過程中，因為地點上相當引人注目，許多老師紛紛前來詢問、大感興趣，雖然整個花園還沒有一個雛形，就已經紛紛預約時間，陸陸續續的開始進場種菜了呢！
    未來我們期望除了善用場地空間，提供學生食農學習，也希望能結合行動數位科技，即時觀察、即時記錄，讓學習成效有更好的提升。

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Food and Agriculture Education in Chung Yuan Primary School—Experience of an Aquaponics System Establishing

C.L. Liang, C.B. Wu

英譯：張凱復

Food and agriculture Education has been drawing a lot of attention recently. Every school has her own ways of practicing. We were wondering about something to be done but did not dare to dream big. Until one day, we were lucky to have our proposal of an aquaponics system establishing accepted and entered the threshold of food and agriculture education.
    It was an hypothetical question at the beginning. If you are to manipulate an aquaponics system, how will you manage it? After the proposal was accepted and subsidy received, the question became reality. We had to face it.
   We had referred to some cases from other schools but found out none was suitable for our school. Because the objectives and conditions in each school were different and unique, moreover, cannot be generated or duplicated.
    As a result, we started from the most fundamental question--where are we going to set up the system? Through many discussions, we decided to use a vacant terrace.

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The space of the terrace is big enough to accommodate 2 classes. And it is safe under teachers’ guidance and easy to observe. After the site was selected, the next problem was water and electricity.
     We found out there was neither water nor electricity in this place. And we also wanted to make it a more environmental protection system. Based on that, we used the water from the rain recycle system. There were tons of collected rain water in the reservoir. Meanwhile, the pump worked around the clock and consumed  much electricity. We therefore used a solar-powered system. Then, the problem of water and electricity was solved.  However, it would be a great pity that the water-providing system was only set up for the aquaponics. And it was bleak to see the aquaponics standing on the terrace alone. We hoped to make the best of the budget.   A new idea had dawned on us, we were to broaden the aquaponics system into a garden. We had to reexamined the site selection with a new setting.

    With great approval, rolling up our sleeves, class began. To our relief, the water pressure is enough to pump the water up to the third floor. The hardware was to be installed.  

   We moved empty flower pots and used cushions here. It was a task which needed lots of people to accomplished. Luckily, our teachers and students showed great enthusiasm. After several times of moving and paving, the picture of aquaponics garden was getting clearer and clearer.

An unexpected benefit of paving used cushion was heat insulation.
Next, the borough chief brought some soil and saplings. We planted the on a Wednesday afternoon. This garden seemed thriving.  

The electricity problem remained unsolved. We borrowed a solar power bank(batteries charged by solar power) from the energy classroom in the school to power the water pump of the aquaponics system.
   And we had modified the electricity system. We also installed a monitor to observe the power generated by solar. It took us about 3 months to setup this garden. And we named it “Fish Fun Garden.”  A huge chart was hanged on the wall to illustrate the aquaponics system. This made the garden more agricultural.

With the subsidy, we revived a vacant space. Whether the budget had been spent economically or not, we turned over a new page of food and agricultural education in Chung Yuan Elementary School.

During the establishment, this garden had drew many teachers’ attention. It is only just the beginning, more and more teachers are getting involved.  We aim at not only reviving those vacant spaces, but integrating portable digital technology into the food and agricultural education to create a better learning efficiency in the future.